When someone says they cannot sleep, it is tempting to search for one quick answer. Yet insomnia has many possible causes. Sleep apnoea, pain, medication, irregular working hours, anxiety, depression and other factors may require very different approaches. [1]
A careful assessment considers sleep timing, caffeine, alcohol, daily routines, snoring, medicines and psychological wellbeing. Some people mainly struggle to fall asleep; others wake repeatedly. Suspected sleep disorders may require further investigation. [2]
For lasting insomnia, CBT-I is often a more appropriate starting point than reliance on sleeping tablets alone. Medication may be useful in selected situations, but the benefits, risks and duration should be reviewed individually. Good sleep care begins with understanding the whole person, not simply counting the hours on a clock. [3]
References
- NIH/NHLBI. Insomnia: Diagnosis and sleep diary.
- NIH/NHLBI. Sleep apnea: diagnosis and testing.
- Riemann D, et al. European Insomnia Guideline: Diagnosis and treatment update 2023.
This information does not replace an individual medical assessment. Seek urgent assistance in an emergency.